Birds of Janakpur
A Birdwatcher’s Paradise in the Heart of Mithila
In the Dhanusha District of south-central Nepal, Janakpur is more than just a city. It’s a historical, cultural, and spiritual epicenter of the ancient Mithila kingdom. Known as the birthplace of Goddess Sita, the city holds immense religious significance in Hinduism and is a cultural hub for Maithili heritage. While Janakpur is primarily known for its temples and ponds, it offers surprising opportunities for birdwatchers.
Birdwatching in Janakpur is a unique experience, blending its sacred sites’ serenity with the avian world’s vibrant life. Whether walking through the city, visiting the outskirts, or exploring the surrounding farmlands and forests, Janakpur offers a rich diversity of birds to observe year-round.
Birds of the City and Ponds
The city of Janakpur, bustling with life, is home to various common urban birds. You’ll frequently spot crows, mynas, and sunbirds as you stroll through the streets. Indian Pied Myna and Indian Silverbill are commonly seen nesting on electric poles, while the bright flashes of the Purple Sunbird around flower gardens add color to the urban landscape. The chirping of the Scaly-breasted Munia around residential areas also provides a peaceful soundtrack to daily life.
The city’s ponds, integral to Janakpur’s identity, serve as essential waterbird habitats. You’ll often find Little Cormorants basking on the edges, while in the cooler months, migratory Great Cormorants make a seasonal appearance. Indian Pond Herons and Red-wattled Lapwings are frequent sights near the water’s edge, and with luck, you may even spot the elegant Pheasant-tailed Jacana gliding across the surface.
Birds of the Markets and Old Buildings
Even in the lively market areas, birdlife thrives. The calls of the Asian Koel are standard, and if you look carefully, you’ll find nests of Cattle Egrets in surprisingly urban settings. An exciting find in the older parts of the city is the Brown Rock Chat, a rare species that tends to dwell around historical structures and decaying buildings, offering a glimpse of wildlife in unexpected places.
Birds of Farmlands and Villages
Janakpur’s surrounding farmlands provide a different set of birdwatching opportunities. These agricultural fields, rich in biodiversity, are home to various grassland and wetland birds. You may encounter the majestic Lesser Adjutant stork or see the Asian Openbill and Red-naped Ibis foraging in the rice paddies. Birds of prey, such as the Black-winged Kite and the colorful Indian Roller, can be spotted perched on the field boundaries, scanning for prey.
Birds of the Forests and Plantations
If you venture into nearby forested areas, even private plantations, you’ll discover a wealth of bird species. The Indian Grey Hornbill is commonly found in village plantations, and the striking Black-rumped Flameback woodpecker often calls out as it searches for food in tree trunks. Flocks of Plum-headed Parakeets can be seen feeding in the fields, especially on maize and pulses.
For nocturnal bird enthusiasts, the forests are also home to various owls. The Spotted Owlet is expected in the area, and the elegant Barn Owl can often be spotted swooping through the night skies. With some luck and persistence, you might also encounter the Brown Fish Owl—a large and elusive species that excites any night birdwatching experience.
Birds of the Chure Range
For a more adventurous birding experience, a short 30-minute drive from the city will take you to the Churge Range. This area offers a more diverse ecosystem, with species like the striking Indian Paradise Flycatcher and the Black-naped Monarch frequently appearing. The colorful Indian Pitta and Hooded Pitta highlight this forested region, providing a perfect setting for nature enthusiasts. Additionally, the iconic Indian Peafowl can be easily spotted, adding to the richness of the area’s avifauna.
A Personal Connection
The Red-whiskered Bulbul is one of the most extraordinary birds for me in Janakpur. I once enjoyed watching a pair build a nest in my garden, which offered a wonderful opportunity to observe their behaviors up close. Another common but charming bird in Janakpur is the tiny Common Tailorbird, whose loud calls are heard almost everywhere in the city.
While known for its religious and historical significance, Janakpur is also a hidden gem for birdwatchers. From urban settings to farmlands, forests, and sacred ponds, the variety of birdlife here is truly remarkable. Whether you are a seasoned birder or a casual nature enthusiast, Janakpur offers an enriching birdwatching experience that connects you with Nepal’s natural and cultural heritage.
Author: Aditya Pal